Dị ka ihe dị mkpa na-arụ ọrụ njikwa akụrụngwa na ulo oru akụrụngwa, corrosion iguzogide nke igwe anaghị agba nchara handwheels kpọmkwem na-ekpebi ntụkwasị obi na ndụ ọrụ nke akụrụngwa na obi ọjọọ gburugburu. Site na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ, injinia mmiri, akụrụngwa ahụike na mpaghara ndị ọzọ, a na-etinye ihe ndị dị elu na nkwụsi ike nke igwe anaghị agba nchara n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọrụ siri ike dị ka acid siri ike, nnu nnu dị elu, oke okpomọkụ na nrụgide dị elu. Edemede a ga-enyocha usoro nguzogide corrosion nke igwe igwe anaghị agba nchara site na akụkụ nke ihe mejupụtara, ọgwụgwọ elu, mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi na ihe ọhụrụ teknụzụ, wee kpaa nkata teknụzụ ya na azịza ya na omume ụlọ ọrụ.
ọdịnaya
1. Core ihe na corrosion eguzogide usoro nke igwe anaghị agba nchara handwheels
1.1 Austenitic igwe anaghị agba nchara (304/316L)
1.2 Duplex igwe anaghị agba nchara na super igwe anaghị agba nchara
2. Mmetụta nke teknụzụ ọgwụgwọ elu na nguzogide corrosion
3. Arụmọrụ na ahụkarị obi ọjọọ gburugburu
4. Ọnọdụ ọdịda corrosion na atụmatụ nchebe
1. Core ihe na corrosion eguzogide usoro nke igwe anaghị agba nchara handwheels
1.1 Austenitic igwe anaghị agba nchara (304/316L)
Njirimara akụrụngwa:
304 igwe anaghị agba nchara:nwere 18-20% chromium na 8-10% nickel, na-emepụta ihe nkiri chromium oxide (Cr₂O₃) dị n'elu, nke nwere ike iguzogide corrosion na ikuku, mmiri dị ọcha na gburugburu acid na-adịghị ike, ma na-eji ya eme ihe n'ozuzu ngwá ọrụ mmepụta ihe.
316l igwe anaghị agba nchara:Ịgbakwunye 2-3% molybdenum (Mo) na-eme ka ikike iguzogide chloride ion pitting corrosion, na okpomọkụ dị egwu (CPT) nwere ike iru n'elu 40 degrees , nke kwesịrị ekwesị maka gburugburu ebe dị egwu dị ka mmiri mmiri na chloride media.
Usoro nguzogide corrosion:
Nchekwa ihe nkiri ngafe:Chromium na-emeghachi omume na ikuku oxygen wee mepụta ihe nkiri oxide 1-3 nanometer gbara ọkpụrụkpụ, na-egbochi ntinye nke mgbasa ozi na-emebi emebi.
Alloy element synergy:Molybdenum na-egbochi mgbasa ozi ion chloride site n'ịme MoO₄²⁻, yana nickel na-eme ka usoro austenite guzosie ike iji belata ihe ize ndụ nke corrosion intergranular.
1.2 Duplex igwe anaghị agba nchara na super igwe anaghị agba nchara
Duplex igwe anaghị agba nchara (dị ka 2205):
Ferrite na austenite dual{0}, nwere ike dị elu na nguzogide chloride stress corrosion cracking (SCC), na-enye ike nke 450MPa, dabara adaba maka igwe ụkwụ valvụ ikpo okwu dị n'ụsọ osimiri.
Super igwe anaghị agba nchara (dị ka 254SMO):
Nwere 6% molybdenum na nitrogen, na pitting nguzogide nhata (PREN) Karịrị ma ọ bụ nhata 40. Enwere ike iji ya ogologo oge na gburugburu ebe nchekwa hydrochloric acid na sulfuric acid ma jiri ya mee ihe maka nrụnye aka nkenke na reactors kemịkalụ.
2. Mmetụta nke nkà na ụzụ ọgwụgwọ elu na nguzogide corrosion
Electrolytic polishing:
Belata ịdị nro dị elu (Ra) ruo n'okpuru 0.4μm, belata nrapado unyi na corrosion mpaghara, yana dabara adaba maka gburugburu ebe na-adịghị mma nke akụrụngwa ọgwụ.
Mgbawa aja:
Mụbaa ike ike elu ma na-eyi nguzogide, mana ihe owuwu microporous nwere ike ime ka ntinye nke ion chloride ka njọ, yana ọgwụgwọ ngafe chọrọ.
Mfefe kemịkalụ:
Imikpu n'ime nitric acid ma ọ bụ citric acid na-eme ka njupụta nke ihe nkiri oxide dịkwuo mma ma na-eme ka nkwụsi ike nke wheel wheel na gburugburu acidic.
3. Arụmọrụ na ahụkarị obi ọjọọ gburugburu
3.1 Ebe mmiri na-agba mmiri na nnu dị elu
Ihe ịma aka corrosion:
Chloride ion (Cl⁻) na-emebi ihe nkiri passivation, na-ebute pitting na crevice corrosion. Ndụ nke igwe anaghị agba nchara 316L nwere ike iru karịa awa 3000 na nnwale ịgba nnu (ASTM B117).
Ngwọta:
Use molybdenum-containing materials (such as 316L), and the flow rate design is >1.5m/s iji belata mkpokọta sedimenti ma zere kọntaktị kpọmkwem n'etiti wheel wheel na carbon steel iji mee ka corrosion galvanic.
3.2 acid siri ike na gburugburu kemịkalụ alkali siri ike
Acid acid (dị ka sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid):
Ọnụego corrosion nke 316L igwe anaghị agba nchara na sulfuric acid nwere ntinye nke<15% is <0.1mm/year, but Hastelloy or titanium materials need to be used instead in hydrochloric acid environment.
Ọkara alkaline (dị ka NaOH):
Enwere ike iji igwe anaghị agba nchara Austenitic mee ihe n'ụzọ kwụsiri ike na ntinye nke 50% na n'okpuru ogo 105, mana oke okpomọkụ siri ike alkali na-adabara nrụgide corrosion cracking (SCC), na usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ kwesịrị ka emeziwanye ya.
3.3 Ọnọdụ dị oke egwu nke okpomọkụ dị elu, nrụgide dị elu na obere okpomọkụ
Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị elu (+ 300 degrees):
Enwere ike ịmanye 304 igwe anaghị agba nchara n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na-aga n'ihu, na-eduga na corrosion intergranular, yana obere carbon (304L) ma ọ bụ ihe kwụsiri ike (321) chọrọ.
Ngwa dị ala (dị ka akụrụngwa nitrogen mmiri -196 degrees):
Austenitic igwe anaghị agba nchara (dị ka 316L) enweghị ntughari na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ, yana mmetụta njigide njide siri ike bụ 80%, nke dabara adaba maka akwa valvụ ikuku gas.
4. Ọnọdụ ọdịda corrosion na atụmatụ nchebe
Ụdị ọdịda nkịtị:
Pitting: Ihe nkiri passivation mpaghara gbawara ka ọ mepụta obere batrị -, nke a na-ahụkarị na gburugburu chlorine dị elu yana enwere ike ibelata site na ịbawanye ọdịnaya molybdenum ma ọ bụ mkpuchi elu (dị ka PTFE).
Nchegbu corrosion cracking (SCC):N'okpuru nchikota nke chloride na nrụgide tensile, ọnụego mgbape nke 316L handwheel na gburugburu ebe obibi NH4Cl ruru 10⁻⁶ mm/s, na ekwesịrị izere itinye uche nrụgide fọdụrụnụ.
Teknụzụ nchekwa:
Nchekwa Cathode: Wụnye ihe mgbochi zinc na gburugburu mmiri oke osimiri iji belata ikike ịnyagharị aka n'okpuru -0.85V (vs. SCE).
Nchekwa mkpuchi: A na-eji ihe mkpuchi Plasma na-efesa Al₂O₃, yana nguzogide okpomọkụ nke ogo 800 yana mbelata ọnụego corrosion nke 90%.
5. Okwu ngwa ụlọ ọrụ na ntuziaka nhọrọ
Ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ:
Igwe ọkụ phosphoric acid nke osisi kemịkalụ na-eji 254SMO super igwe anaghị agba nchara, na ndụ ọrụ ya na-agbatị ruo afọ 10 na gburugburu 85 ogo na 40% phosphoric acid.
Injinia mmiri:
The handwheel nke valvụ nke oké osimiri n'elu ikpo okwu mmanụ na-eji duplex igwe anaghị agba nchara 2205, nke nwere a nnu ịgbasa corrosion iguzogide bụ 3 ugboro elu karịa nke 304, na mmezi okirikiri na-agbatị 5 afọ.
Nhọrọ nhọrọ:
Ndakọrịta mgbasa ozi: Rụtụ aka na uru PREN (PREN=%Cr+3.3×%Mo+16×%N),PREN＞35 dabara maka gburugburu chlorine dị elu.
Ngwongwo igwe: Isi ike nke wheel wheel 316L ga-erurịrị HV150-200 iji zere nrụrụ na ọdịda akara.
6. Usoro mmepe teknụzụ n'ọdịnihu
Ụkwụ aka na-enyocha ọgụgụ isi:
Ihe mmetụta corrosion jikọtara ọnụ na-enyocha ike elu yana mgbochi akpụkpọ ahụ ozugbo, ma dọọ aka ná ntị maka ihe egwu corrosion site na ịntanetị nke ihe.
Ọgwụgwọ elu dị na gburugburu ebe obibi:
Zụlite chromium{0}}Usoro ngafe n'efu (dị ka ọgwụgwọ silane) iji belata mmetọ chromium hexavalent ma soro ntuziaka RoHS.
Ngwa ihe mejupụtara:
Igwe igwe anaghị agba nchara (CF{0}}SS) nke carbon fiber agbadoro nwere ike 50% yana mbelata ịdị arọ 30% ma dabara adaba maka ngwa ikuku ikuku.
Nchịkọta
Nguzogide corrosion nke igwe anaghị agba nchara na-adabere na nhọrọ ihe, ọgwụgwọ elu na mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi. N'ebe ndị siri ike dị ka oke osimiri na kemịkalụ, 316L na igwe anaghị agba nchara duplex na-egosi nkwụsi ike dị mma site na nchebe ihe nkiri passivation na njikarịcha alloy, mana kpachara anya maka ikpo ọkụ na nrụgide corrosion cracking. N'ọdịnihu, ntinye nke nlekota ọgụgụ isi na ihe omume enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi ga-akwalite nkwalite nke wiil aka na ntụkwasị obi dị elu na mmezi dị ala. Nhọrọ ziri ezi chọrọ nleba anya zuru oke nke njirimara ọkara, ibu ọrụ na ihe ndị na-eri ọnụ iji bulie arụmọrụ nke usoro ndụ niile.
Nkọwa ngwaahịa
1: Kedu ọkwa nke igwe anaghị agba nchara ka a na-ejikarị na-emepụta igwe anaghị agba nchara?
A1: Igwe igwe anaghị agba nchara na-emekarị site na akara ule dị ka 304 na 316 igwe anaghị agba nchara maka nguzogide corrosion na ịdịte aka ha.
2: Gịnị elu imecha nhọrọ dị maka igwe anaghị agba nchara handwheels?
A2: Ihe ndị a na-emecha n'elu gụnyere ihe na-egbu maramara, nke a na-akpụ akpụ, ma ọ bụ eletrọnịkị, na-enye ọdịdị mara mma na nke mara mma.
3: Enwere ike ịhazi atụmatụ na akụkụ nke igwe anaghị agba nchara ka ọ dabara ngwa ngwa?
A3: Ee, enwere ike ịhazigharị ụkwụ aka n'ụdị nha, ụdị, nha nha, na ọbụna akara akara dabere na ihe onye zụrụ ya chọrọ.
4: Gịnị bụ ibu - ibu ike nke igwe anaghị agba nchara, kedu ka ha si adịte aka na ngwa dị iche iche?
A4: A na-emepụta igwe aka igwe anaghị agba nchara ka ọ nagide ibu dị iche iche dabere na nha na ihe owuwu ha. A maara ha maka ịdịte aka ha na iguzogide iyi na akwa.
